Exploring the Shield of the Thames: A Journey Through Fort Trumbull’s History
Located in New London, Connecticut, on the west end of the Thames River, Fort Trumbull stands as a monumental testament to American resilience and strategic foresight. Often referred to as the “Provision State’s” shield, this site has evolved from simple Revolutionary-era earthworks into a high-tech center for naval innovation.
The Governor Who Stood Alone
The fort is named after Jonathan Trumbull, a pivotal figure in the American Revolution. He was famously the only governor of the thirteen colonies to defy the British, choosing instead to supply George Washington’s Continental Army. Because of this immense logistical support, Connecticut earned its nickname, the “Provision State”. New London’s deep-water port was vital to this effort, serving as a hub for supplies and a base for the “Connecticut Pirates”.
Pirates, Privateers, and Deception
While the British labeled them “pirates,” these sailors were actually privateers carrying “letters of marque” from Governor Trumbull. These privateers captured over 600 British ships, funneling half of the stolen goods to the government to keep Washington’s army in business.
This activity eventually drew the ire of the infamous traitor Benedict Arnold. Born and raised in Connecticut, Arnold knew the local warning systems well. During his 1781 invasion, he exploited the signal system:
- One cannon shot: No big deal.
- Two shots: Enemy approaching; rally the militia.
- Three shots: Privateers returning with booty; a day for celebration.
As Arnold’s fleet approached, the colonists fired two warning shots. Arnold, understanding the system, quickly fired a third shot from his own fleet. This clever deception led the local militia to believe friendly ships were arriving, leaving New London caught completely off guard. The ensuing attack resulted in Arnold taking Fort Trumbull and the Groton Heights Massacre at nearby Fort Griswold, which remains the bloodiest day in Connecticut history.
A Marvel of Engineering and Innovation
The fort we see today was largely rebuilt in 1839 as part of the “third system” of coastal defense. It features a highly unique Egyptian Revival style, designed to be a formidable deterrent. By the time the Civil War arrived, the fort was so imposing that Confederate privateers avoided New London entirely.
The fort’s mission shifted from cannons to high-tech sensors during the Cold War, when it served as the headquarters for the Underwater Sound Laboratory. It was here that sonar was developed—essentially becoming the “ears” of the U.S. Navy’s nuclear submarine fleet.
Visiting Fort Trumbull Today
Since 2000, Fort Trumbull has served as a vibrant State Park. It is a fantastic destination for history buffs and families alike, offering:
- Free access to explore the grounds and the fort’s upper levels via elevator.
- A fishing pier and space for outdoor concerts.
- Vintage baseball games played by the Thames Base Ball Club.
- Close proximity to Fort Griswold, where you can see the historic obelisk and mounds of earth where walls once stood sentry over the Thames River.
The Leadership Lesson: Preparation is Key
Beyond the stone walls and history, Fort Trumbull offers a timeless leadership lesson: Great leaders prepare before the crisis. The fort was repeatedly upgraded—from earthworks in 1776 to the stone bastion of 1839—because leaders recognized weaknesses and acted to rectify them before the next conflict. By building strength in times of peace, they ensured the security of the “Provision State” for generations.
Uncovering History. Inspiring Leadership. The Travel in Time Show is where travel, history, and leadership intermingle with history teacher, author, and speaker Dan Blanchard
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Watch Dan’s YouTube video on this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c76_uQhVz4M&t=1s
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*See Dan’s Interview with Jonathan Trumbull and Benedict Arnold: (Coming Soon)
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Travel in Time with Dan – Mixing Travel, History, and Leadership with me, Dan Blanchard